你可能很懂理財,也可能一竅不通。以下的10個理財觀念,對任何人都可適用,掌握這些原則與方法,幫你作出正確的理財抉擇。
1. 看財經局勢,做趨勢計畫
2.不要只為了賺錢而投資
3.用情緒理財是最失敗的策略
趙夫子
2014/02/21
How
Will Your Investment Make Money?
Updated Jan 30, 2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS
After two years of saving and sacrifice - sweat and
overtime - you have finally accumulated enough money to begin investing outside
of your retirement accounts. You have just spent the afternoon with your new broker, while he or she went
over a myriad of investment choices with you, explaining each one in detail and
causing your head to swim.
Your broker presented
you with several hypothetical scenarios outlining the overall rate of return that you could expect to
receive in each case, until finally you decided to purchase some stock in a
local company that you're somewhat familiar with.
But, as you drive away from his office, you think,
"What exactly am I going to get out of this and how am I going to get
it?"
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Four
Investment Ratios That Can Help You Make Money
1. Interest
Interest income is paid on any kind
of debt instrument as compensation for
loaning the investor's principal to the borrower or issuer.
This type of income is paid by several different types of investments, listed
as follows:
No form of equity pays interest of any kind. Each of
these debt instruments pays a stated rate of interest. This rate is usually
fixed, but can be variable depending upon the terms of the investment.
The rates for demand deposit accounts usually
fluctuate, according to changes in interest rates, while the rates for bonds, CDs
and fixed annuity contracts usually stay constant
until maturity. Interest-bearing investments are always tied to current
interest rates and cannot, by nature, pay rates high enough to beat inflation
over time, unless they are high-risk vehicles such as junk bonds.
Most interest-bearing securities carry a rating,
such as AAA or BB, assigned by one of the major
rating agencies, such as Standard
and Poor's (S&P). If this rating declines after a security
is issued, this could be a possible indicator that the issuer will default on their obligation. A noticeable
decline in revenues, profits or liquidity could be another warning sign.
Of course, in many cases, these changes will result in a lower rating.
2. Dividends
Dividends are a form of cash compensation
for equity investors. They represent the portion of the company's earnings that are passed on
to the shareholders, usually on either a monthly or
quarterly basis.
Dividend income is similar to interest income in
that it is usually paid at a stated rate for a set length of time. But
dividends are only paid on stocks or from mutual funds that invest in stocks;
however, not all stocks pay dividends. In general, only established corporations pay dividends,
while small cap enterprises usually retain
their cash for future growth.
Dividends are paid on both common and preferred stocks, although the rate is usually
higher on preferred stocks than common. Dividends can also be either ordinary,
which are taxed as ordinary income, or qualified, which are taxed
as long-term capital gains. In most cases, companies are not required to pay
dividends, at least on common stock. Because dividends are a function of
corporate revenue, poor cash flow or profit margins can signal an upcoming
reduction or absence of dividend payments to shareholders.
Dividend yields can vary, according to the
type of security upon which they are paid; common stock dividends tend to fluctuate with a
company's current profitability, while preferred stock dividends are generally
tied to interest rates. Because they are considered higher-risk investments
than bonds, the yields on preferred stocks tend to float at a rate above that
of CDs or most types of bonds, except perhaps junk bonds.
3. Capital Gains
Capital gains represent the appreciation in the price of a security
or investment from the time that it was purchased. These gains can be either
long or short term, depending upon whether the
instrument sold was held for more than a year. Both equity and fixed-income securities can post gains
(or losses). However, while fixed income securities can appreciate in
price in the secondary market, they are designed primarily
to pay current interest or dividends while stocks and real estate provide the
bulk of their reward to investors in the form of capital gains.
Historically, the gains posted by stocks and real
estate are the only investment returns that have outpaced inflation over time,
which is one of their chief advantages. Of course, the markets move in two
directions, and any security or investment capable of posting a gain can also
result in a loss. Equities rise and fall with the overall markets as well as
from corporate performance.
4. Tax Advantages
A few types of investments produce tax-advantaged income of various
kinds. Working interests in oil and gas leases generate revenue that
may be 15% tax-free because of the depletion allowance. Limited partnerships, which usually invest in
either real estate or oil and gas, can pass through passive income, which is income generated from
partnership activities that the investor is not actively involved in managing.
Passive income can be written off with passive losses, which are usually expenses
associated with operating the income-generating activities of the partnership.
5. Total Return
Of course, many types of investments provide more
than one type of investment return. Common stocks can provide both dividends
and capital gains. Fixed-income securities can also provide capital gains in
addition to interest or dividend income, and partnerships can provide any or
all of the above forms of income on a tax-advantaged basis. Total return is calculated by adding
capital gains (or subtracting capital losses) to dividend or interest income
and factoring in any tax savings.
The Bottom Line
Different types of investments post different types
of returns. Some pay income in the form of interest or dividends, while others
offer the potential for capital appreciation. Still others offer tax advantages
in addition to current income or capital gains. All of these
factors together comprise the total return of an investment.
富人與窮人的時間觀
窮人為錢工作,富人讓錢為他們工作;
窮人管理金錢,富人卻善於管理時間;
富人時間不夠用,窮人不知如何殺時間。
時間在窮人手上變得一文不值,在富人手裡卻變得價值連城,
因此,窮人將會更窮,而富人也將更富。
為什麼每個人擁有的時間都一樣,但成就卻大不相同呢?你通常是花錢買時間還是賣時間賺錢?有人開車繞了半小時只為了找一個免費車位,有人花錢找人辦事讓自己可以做別的更重要的事。當時間不再只是度量衡而是有行有市可以買賣,你的時間值多少錢,你願意用多少錢買別人的時間,未來會有交易所,請先標好你的定價。
會管理時間就會管理金錢也會管理自己的人生,讓人生更精彩的關鍵就在於同樣的時間內透過規劃、分工可以做更多的事情,讓家庭、事業、婚姻、健康都能兼顧。
千萬不要讓遲到、懶惰,這些小事浪費在您寶貴時間上。
十個理財重要觀念
你可能很懂理財,也可能一竅不通。以下的10個理財觀念,對任何人都可適用,掌握這些原則與方法,幫你作出正確的理財抉擇。
1. 看財經局勢,做趨勢計畫